About project
BR18574099 Изучение молекулярно-генетических и клеточных процессов для повышения устойчивости к болезням и продуктивности сельскохозяйственных культур
The problems it is aimed at researching:
- Identification of DNA markers to determine the distinctness, uniformity, and stability of grain crop varieties;
- Search for new DNA markers of productivity and disease resistance for the accelerated creation and seed production of competitive and highly productive soft wheat varieties;
- Development of effective technologies for obtaining virus-free planting material for berry crops and seed potatoes;
- Control over the spread of quarantine pathogens and pests with the timely detection of quarantine objects, as well as the prevention of the importation of dangerous strains, isolates, and races from other countries.
The main approaches to conducting research
- Approach
- Study of molecular genetics of grain crops, bacteria causing quarantine diseases (Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum and Erwinia amylovora), and insect pests (Asian subspecies of gypsy moth);
- Approach
- Study of growth and development of plants during micropropagation of potato plants and berry crops under various cultivation conditions.
The expected results of the program
- 1
- Standards for DNA genotyping of grain crops to determine the originality and uniformity of new varieties of wheat and barley;
- 2
- Identification and introduction of new DNA markers of disease resistance and productivity of common wheat to accelerate the creation and seed production of competitive and highly productive varieties;
- 3
- Recommendations for the introduction of informative DNA markers associated with resistance to fungal pathogens in the breeding process of grain crops;
- 4
- Technology for obtaining seed potatoes (mother plants, their clones, and microtubers);
- 5
- Biotechnology of accelerated in vitro propagation of honeysuckle, blueberry, and blackberry plants;
- 6
- Technology for transferring plants from in vitro conditions to container culture and obtaining elite planting material;
- 7
- High-sensitive molecular genetic systems for accelerated identification of quarantine pathogens and plant pests will be developed and implemented in the phytosanitary control laboratory;
Актуальность
The relevance of the tasks solved as a result of research for the purposes of socio-economic development on the scale of the Republic of Kazakhstan is reflected in the following state strategic and program documents: the strategic development plan of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2025; the strategic plan for the development of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2050; Message of the Head of State K. Tokayev to the people of Kazakhstan September 2, 2019; Message of the Head of State K. Tokayev to the people of Kazakhstan «Kazakhstan in a new reality: time for action» September 1, 2020.
The above results will make it possible:
- To accelerate and reduce the cost of breeding varieties for breeders.
- To introduce genetic markers into the process of variety testing of varieties of grain crops to determine distinctness, uniformity, and stability
- To introduce a highly efficient seed potato production technology into seed production
- To introduce technologies for obtaining virus-free planting material of berry crops into the nursery breeding of Kazakhstan
- To control the spread of quarantine diseases and pests by the laboratories of the phytosanitary services of Kazakhstan using the developed high-sensitive molecular genetic systems for the accelerated identification of quarantine pathogens and plant pests.
Applications
The results obtained during the program implementation are applicable in the field of breeding, molecular genetics, plant biology and biotechnology, bioinformatics, crop production, and phytosanitary safety.
Development results of the production of virus-free planting material and a molecular genetic system for the accelerated identification of quarantine pathogens and pests will have a high potential for commercialization.
Development results of the production of virus-free planting material and a molecular genetic system for the accelerated identification of quarantine pathogens and pests will have a high potential for commercialization.
Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology
